Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 32, Issue 2 , Pages 72-74 , February 2012

Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Toxin in Raw Feeds for Horses

  • Cristina Cortinovis, DVM

      Affiliations

    • Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Monica Battini, MS

      Affiliations

    • Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Francesca Caloni, DVM, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Francesca Caloni, DVM, PhD, Department of Veterinary Sciences and Technologies for Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Received 17 June 2011 ,Revised 27 July 2011 ,Accepted 1 August 2011.

References 

  1. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) . Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain on a request from the Commission related to deoxynivalenol (DON) as undesirable substance in animal feed. EFSA J. 2004;73:1–42
  2. Fink-Gremmels J. Mycotoxins: their implications for human and animal health. Vet Q. 1999;21:115–120
  3. Schuhmacher-Wolz U, Heine K, Schneider K. Report on toxicity data on trichothecene mycotoxins HT-2 and T-2 toxins. CT/EFSA/CONTAM/2010/03. Available at: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/supporting/doc/65e.pdf. Accessed May 31, 2011.
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  7. Raymond SL, Smith TK, Swamy HV. Effects of feeding a blend of grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins on feed intake, serum chemistry and haematology of horses and the efficacy of a polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent. J Anim Sci. 2003;81:2123–2130
  8. Raymond SL, Smith TK, Swamy HV. Effects of feeding a blend of grains naturally contaminate with Fusarium mycotoxins on feed intake, metabolism, and indices of athletic performance of exercised horses. J Anim Sci. 2005;83:1267–1273
  9. Zeyner A, Fischer U, Lindner A. Distinct weight loss and elevated hepatic enzymes in horses caused by straw contaminated with deoxynivalenol (case report). In: Proceedings of the Joint Nutrition Symposium; 2002; Antwerp, Belgium. p. 54.
  10. Juhasz J, Nagy P, Huszenicza G, Szigeti G, Reiczigel J, Kulesar M. Long-term exposure to T-2 Fusarium mycotoxin fails to alter luteal function, follicular activity and embryo recovery in mares. Equine Vet J. 1997;25:17–21
  11. Binder EM, Tan LM, Chin LJ, Handl J, Richard J. Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2007;137:265–282
  12. Griessler K, Rodrigues I, Handl J, Hofstetter U. Occurrence of mycotoxins in Southern Europe. World Mycotoxin J. 2010;3:301–309
  13. Raymond SL, Heiskanen M, Smith TK, Reiman M, Laitinen S, Clarke AF. An investigation of the concentrations of selected Fusarium mycotoxins and the degree of mold contamination of field-dried hay. J Equine Vet Sci. 2000;20:616–621
  14. Buckley T, Creighton A, Fogarty U. Analysis of Canadian and Irish forage, oats and commercially available equine concentrate feed for pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. Irish Vet J. 2007;60:231–236
  15. Liesener K, Curtui V, Dietrich R, Martlbauer E, Usleber E. Mycotoxins in horse feed. Mycotoxin Res. 2010;26:23–30
  16. European Union (EC) . Commission recommendation of 17 August 2006 on the presence of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, T-2 and HT-2 and fumonisins in products intended for animal feeding (2006/576/EC). Off J Eur Comm. 2006;L229:7–9
  17. Smith TK, McMillan EG, Castillo JB. Effect of feeding blends of Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated grains containing deoxynivalenol and fusaric acid on growth and feed consumption of immature swine. J Anim Sci. 1997;75:2184–2191
  18. Harvey RB, Edrington TS, Kubena LF, Elissalde M, Casper HH, Rottinghaus GE, et al. Effects of dietary fumonisin B1-containing culture material, deoxynivalenol-contaminated wheat, or their combination on growing barrows. Am J Vet Res. 1996;57:1790–1794
  19. Tajima O, Schoen ED, Feron VJ, Groten JP. Statistically designed experiments in a tiered approach to screen mixtures of Fusarium mycotoxins for possible interactions. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002;40:685–695
  20. Kubena LF, Edrington TS, Kamps-Holtzapple C, Harvey RB, Elissalde MH, Rottinghaus GE. Influence of fumonisin B1 present in Fusarium moniliforme culture material, and T-2 toxin on turkey poults. Poult Sci. 1995;74:306–313
  21. Kubena LF, Edrington TS, Harvey RB, Buckley SA, Phillips TD, Rottinghaus GE, et al. Individual and combined effects of fumonisin B1 present in Fusarium moniliforme culture material and T-2 toxin or deoxynivalenol in broiler chicks. Poult Sci. 1997;76:1239–1247
  22. Kubena LF, Huff WE, Harvey RB, Phillips TD, Rottinghaus GE. Individual and combined toxicity of deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin in broiler chicks. Poult Sci. 1989;68:622–626
  23. Friend DW, Thompson BK, Trenholm HL, Boermans HJ, Hartin KE, Panich PL. Toxicity of T-2 toxin and its interaction with deoxynivalenol when fed to young pigs. Can J Anim Sci. 1992;72:703–711
  24. Caloni F, Ranzenigo G, Cremonesi F, Spicer LJ. Effects of a trichothecene, T-2 toxin, on proliferation and steroid production by porcine granulosa cells. Toxicon. 2009;54:337–344

PII: S0737-0806(11)00466-7

doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.08.002

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 32, Issue 2 , Pages 72-74 , February 2012

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