Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 30, Issue 3 , Pages 127-133 , March 2010

Assessment of Resting Insulin and Leptin Concentrations and Their Association With Managerial and Innate Factors in Horses

References 

  1. Meigs JB. Epidemiology of the insulin resistance syndrome. Curr Diab Rep. 2003;3:73–79
  2. Sattar N. Insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome as predictors of cardiovascular risk: where are we now. Minerva Endocrinol. 2005;30:121–138
  3. Jeffcott LB, Field JR. Current concepts of hyperlipaemia in horses and ponies. Vet Rec. 1985;116:461–466
  4. Kronfeld DS, Treiber KH, Hess TM, Splan RK, Byrd BM, Staniar WB, et al. Metabolic syndrome in healthy ponies facilitates nutritional countermeasures against pasture laminitis. J Nutr. 2006;136:2090S–2093S
  5. Treiber K, Kronfeld DS, Geor RJ. Insulin resistance in equids: possible role in laminitis. J Nutr. 2006;136(Suppl 7):2094S–2098S
  6. Johnson PJ, Messer M, Ganjam VK. Cushing's syndromes, insulin resistance and endocrinopathic laminitis. Equine Vet J. 2004;36:194–198
  7. Reeves HJ, Lees R, McGowan CM. Measurement of basal serum insulin concentration in diagnosis of Cushing's disease in ponies. Vet Rec. 2001;149:449–452
  8. Johnson PJ, Scotty NC, Wiedmeyer CE, Messer NT, Kreeger JM. Diabetes mellitus in a domesticated Spanish mustang. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005;15:584–588
  9. Vick MM, Adams AA, Murphy BA, Sessions DR, Horohov DW, Cook RF, et al. Relationships among inflammatory cytokines, obesity and insulin sensitivity in the horse. J An Sci. 2007;85:1144–1155
  10. Hoffman RM, Boston RC, Stefanovski D, Kronfeld DS, Harris PA. Obesity and diet affect glucose dynamics and insulin sensitivity in Thoroughbred geldings. J Anim Sci. 2003;81:2333–2342
  11. Thatcher CD, Pleasant RS, Geor RJ, Elvinger F, Negrin KA, Franklin J, et al. Prevalence of obesity in mature horses: an equine body condition study. A A V N 7th Annual Clinical Nutrition and Research Symposium at ACVN Forum. 2007;p 6
  12. Wyse CA, McNie KA, Tannhil VJ, Murray JK, Love S. Prevalence of obesity in riding horses in Scotland. Vet Rec. 2008;162:590–591
  13. Pratt SE, Geor RJ, McCutcheon LJ. Relationship of insulin sensitivity to aerobic capacity in Standardbred mares and geldings. Equine Comp Exer Physiol. 2005;2:185–193
  14. Treiber KH, Kronfeld DS, Hess TM, Byrd BM, Splan RK, Staniar WB. Evaluation of genetic and metabolic predispositions and nutritional risk factors for pasture-associated laminitis in ponies. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;228:1538–1545
  15. Rijnen KE, Johannes H, Van Der Kolk JH. Determination of reference range values indicative of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance by use of glucose clamp techniques in horses and ponies. Am J Vet Res. 2003;64:1260–1264
  16. Frank N, Elliott SB, Brandt LE, Keisler DH. Physical characteristics, blood hormone concentrations and plasma lipid concentrations in obese horses with insulin resistance. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;228:1383–1390
  17. Alford P, Geller S, Richardson B, Slater M, Honnas C, Foreman J, et al. A multicenter matched case-control study of risk factors for equine laminitis. Prev Vet Med. 2001;49:209–222
  18. Malinowski K, Betros CL, Flora L, Kearns CF, McKeever KH. Effect of training on age-related changes in plasma insulin and glucose. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2002;34:147–153
  19. Murphy D, Reid SW, Love S. The effect of age and diet on the oral glucose tolerance test in ponies. Equine Vet J. 1997;29:467–470
  20. June V, Soderholm LV, Hintz HF, Butler WR. Glucose tolerance in the horse, pony and donkey. J Equine Vet Sci. 1992;12:103–105
  21. Jeffcott LB, Field JR, McLean JG, O'Dea K. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in ponies and Standardbred horses. Equine Vet J. 1986;18:97–101
  22. Pratt SE, Geor RJ, McCutcheon LJ. Effects of dietary energy source and physical conditioning on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in Standardbred horses. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2006;36:579–584
  23. Stewart - Hunt L, Geor RJ, McCutcheon LJ. Effect of short-term training on insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in Standardbred horses. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2006;36:226–232
  24. Powell DM, Reedy SE, Sessions DR, Fitzgerald BP. Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin sensitivity in obese and lean mares. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2002;34:81–84
  25. DeFronzo RA, Tobin J, Andres R. Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol. 1979;237:E214–E223
  26. Pratt SE, Geor RJ, McCutcheon LJ. Repeatability of two methods for assessment of insulin sensitivity and glucose dynamics in horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2005;19:883–888
  27. Pacini G, Bergman RN. MINMOD: a computer program to calculate insulin sensitivity and pancreatic responsivity from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 1986;23:113–122
  28. Eiler H, Frank N, Andrews FM, Oliver JW, Fecteau KA. Physiologic assessment of blood glucose homeostasis via combined intravenous glucose and insulin testing in horses. Am J Vet Res. 2005;66:1598–1604
  29. Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28:412–419
  30. Yokoyama H, Emoto M, Fujiwara S, Motoyama K, Morioka T, Komatsu M, et al. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and the reciprocal index of homeostasis model assessment in normal range weight and moderately obese type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:2426–2432
  31. Firshman AM, Valberg SJ. Factors affecting clinical assessment of insulin sensitivity in horses. Equine Vet J. 2007;39:567–575
  32. Pratt SE, Siciliano PD, Walston L. Variation of insulin sensitivity estimates in horses. J Equine Vet Sci. 2009;29:507–512
  33. Buff PR, Dodds AC, Morrison CD, Whitley NC, McFadin EL, Daniel JA, et al. Leptin in horses: tissue localization and relationship between peripheral concentrations leptin and body condition. J Anim Sci. 2002;80:2942–2948
  34. Henneke DR, Potter GD, Kreider JL. Body condition during pregnancy and lactation and reproductive efficiency of mares. Theriogenology. 1984;21:897–909
  35. Reimers TJ, Cowan RG, McCann JP, Ross MW. Validation of a rapid solid-phase radioimmunoassay for canine, bovine, and equine insulin. Am J Vet Res. 1982;43:1274–1278
  36. Kearns CF, McKeever KH, Roegner V, Brady S, Malinowski K. Adiponectin and leptin are related to fat mass in horses. Vet J. 2006;172:460–465
  37. Huff NK, Thompson DL, Gentry LR, DePew CG. Hyperleptinemia in mares: prevalence in lactating mares and effect on rebreeding success. J Equine Vet Sci. 2008;28:279–586
  38. Treiber KH, Kronfeld DS, Hess TM, Boston RC, Harris PA. Use of proxies and reference quintiles obtained from minimal model analysis for determination of insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell responsiveness in horses. Am J Vet Res. 2005;66:2114–2121
  39. Geor RJ, Thatcher CD, Pleasant RS, Elvinger F, Gay L. Prevalence of hyperinsulinemia in mature horses: relationship to adiposity. J Vet Intern Med. 2007;201:601
  40. Carter R, Treiber K, Geor RJ, Douglass L, Harris PA. Prediction of incipient pasture-associated laminitis from hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia and generalised and localised obesity in a cohort of ponies. Equine Vet J. 2009;41:171–178
  41. Walsh DM, McGowan CM, McGowan T, Lamb SV, Schanbacher BJ, Place NJ. Correlation of plasma insulin concentration with laminitis score in a field study of Equine Cushing's Disease and Equine Metabolic Syndrome. J Equine Vet Sci. 2009;29:87–94
  42. Asplin KE, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC, McGowan CM. Induction of laminitis by prolonged hyperinsulinemia in clinically normal ponies. Vet J. 2007;174:530–535
  43. Longland AC, Barfoot C, Harris PA. The loss of water-soluble carbohydrate and soluble protein from nine different hays soaked in water for up to 16 hours. J Equine Vet Sci. 2009;29:383–384
  44. Longland AC, Byrd BM. Pasture nonstructural carbohydrates and equine laminitis. J Nutr. 2006;136:2099S–2102S
  45. McIntosh B, Kronfeld DS, Geor RJ, Staniar WB, Longland AC, Gay L, et al. Circadian and seasonal fluctuations of glucose and insulin concentrations in grazing horses. In: Equine Science Society Twentieth Symposium Proceedings. 2007;100–101
  46. Cubitt TA, George LA, Staniar WB, Harris PA, Geor RJ. Glucose and insulin dynamics during the estrous cycle of Thoroughbred mares. In: Equine Science Society Twentieth Symposium Proceedings. 2007;44–45

PII: S0737-0806(10)00062-6

doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2010.01.060

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 30, Issue 3 , Pages 127-133 , March 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution