Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 28, Issue 11 , Pages 635-639 , November 2008

Problems After Breeding

  • Mats H.T. Troedsson, DVM, PhD, DACT, DECAR

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Mats H. T. Troedsson, DVM, PhD, DACT, DECAR, University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Science, 108 Gluck Equine Research Center, Lexington, KY 40546-0099.

References 

  1. Fiala SM, Pimentel CA, Mattos AL, Gregory RM, Mattos RC. Effect of sperm numbers and concentration on sperm transport and uterine inflammatory response in the mare. Theriogenology. 2007;67:556–562
  2. Brinsko SP, Varner DD, Blanchard TL. The effect of uterine lavage performed four hours post-insemination on pregnancy rates in mares. Theriogenology. 1991;35:1111–1119
  3. Scott MA, Liu IKM, Overstreet JW. Sperm transport to the oviducts: abnormalities and their clinical implications. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract. 1995;41:1–2
  4. Troedsson MHT, Liu IKM, Crabo BG. Sperm transport and survival in the mare: a review. Theriogenology. 1998;50:807–818
  5. Katila T, Sankari S, Mäkelä O. Transport of spermatozoa in the reproductive tracts of mares. J Reprod Fertil. 2000;56(Suppl):571–578
  6. Troedsson MHT. Uterine clearance and resistance to persistent endometritis in the mare. Theriogenology. 1999;52:461–471
  7. Alghamdi AS, Foster DN. Seminal DNAse frees spermatozoa entangled in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Biol Reprod. 2005;73:1174–1181
  8. Brinkman V, Reichard U, Goosmann C, Fauler B, Uhlemann Y, Weiss DS, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria. Science. 2004;303:1532–1535
  9. Troedsson MHT, Liu IKM, Ing M, Pascoe J. Smooth muscle electrical activity in the oviduct and the effect of oxytocin PGF2α, and PGE2 on the myometrium and the oviduct of the cycling mare. Biol Reprod Mono 1: Equine Reproduction VI. 1995;439–452
  10. Katila T. Onset and duration of uterine inflammatory response of mares after insemination with fresh semen. Biol Reprod Mono 1: Equine Reproduction VI. 1995;515–517
  11. Zent WW, Troedsson MHT. Postbreeding uterine fluid accumulation in a normal population of thoroughbred mares: a field study. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract. 1998;44:64–65
  12. Evans MJ, Hamer JM, Gason LM, Irwine CHG. Factors affecting uterine clearance on inoculated materials. J Reprod Fertil. 1987;35(Suppl):327–334
  13. Troedsson MHT, Liu IKM. Uterine clearance of non-antigenic markers (Cr51) in response to a bacterial challenge in mares potentially susceptible and resistant to chronic uterine infection. J Reprod Fertil. 1991;44(Suppl):283–288
  14. LeBlanc MM, Neuwirth L, Asbury AC, Tran T, Mauragis D, Klapstein E. Scintigraphic measurement of uterine clearance in normal mares and mares with recurrent endometritis. Equine Vet J. 1994;26:109–113
  15. Troedsson MHT, Liu IKM, Ing M, Pascoe JR, Thurmond ML. Multiple site electromyography recordings of uterine activity following an intrauterine bacterial challenge in mares susceptible and resistant to chronic uterine infection. J Reprod Fertil. 1993;99:307–313
  16. Alghamdi AS, Foster GN, Troedsson MHT. Nitric oxide levels and nitric oxide synthase expression in uterine samples from mares susceptible and resistant to persistent breeding-induced endometritis. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2005;53:230–237
  17. LeBlanc MM, Neuwirth L, Jones L, Cage C, Mauragis D. Differences in uterine position of reproductively normal mares and those with delayed uterine clearance detected by scintigraphy. Theriogenology. 1998;50:49–54
  18. LeBlanc MM, Johnson RD, Calderwood Mays MB, Valderrama C. Lymphatic clearance of India ink in reproductively normal mares and mares susceptible to endometritis. Biol Reprod Mono 1: Equine Reproduction VI. 1995;501–506
  19. Pycock JF. Cervical function and uterine fluid accumulation in mares. Equine Vet J. 1993;25:191
  20. Brinsko SP, Rigby SL, Varner DD, Blanchard TL. A practical method for recognizing mares susceptible to post-breeding endometritis. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract. 2003;49:363–365
  21. Vanderwall DK, Woods GL. Effect on fertility of uterine lavage performed immediately prior to insemination in mares. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003;222:1108–1110
  22. Pycock JF. Assessment of oxytocin and intrauterine antibiotics on intrauterine fluid and pregnancy rates in the mare. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract. 1994;40:19–20
  23. LeBlanc MM. Oxytocin: the new wonder drug for treatment of endometritis?. Equine Vet Educ. 1994;6:39–43
  24. Troedsson MHT, Scott MA, Liu IKM. Comparative treatment of mares susceptible to chronic uterine infection. Am J Vet Res. 1995;56:468–472
  25. Rasch K, Schoon HA, Sieme H, Klug E. Histomorphological endometrial status and influence of oxytocin on the uterine drainage and pregnancy in mares. Equine Vet J. 1996;28:455–460
  26. Gunthle LM, McCue PM, Farquhar VJ, Foglia RA. Effect of prostaglandin administration postovulation on corpus luteum formation in the mare. Proc Soc Theriogenology. 2000;139
  27. Troedsson MHT, Ohlgren AF, Ababneh MM, Gregas M. Effect of periovulatory prostaglandin F2α on pregnancy rates and luteal function. Theriogenology. 2001;55:1891–1899
  28. Brendemuehl JP. Effect of oxytocin and cloprostenol on luteal formation, function and pregnancy rates in mares. Theriogenology. 2002;58:623–626
  29. Nie GJ, Johnson KE, Wenzel JGW, Braden TD. Effect of periovulatory ecbolics on luteal function and fertility. Theriogenology. 2002;58:461–463
  30. Mocklin CM, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, Lyle SK, Wouters EGH, Gentry LR, et al. Effect of post-ovulatory PGF2α or cloprostenol on plasma progesterone concentration in mares. Anim Reprod Sci. 2006;94:220–222
  31. Rigby S, Love C, Carpenter K, Varner D, Blanchard T. Use of prostaglandin E2 to ripen the cervix of the mare prior to induction of parturition. Theriogenology. 1998;50:897–904
  32. Niemantsverdriet-Murton AS, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, Pinto CF. Prostaglandin E1 as an adjunct to prostaglandin F2α induced abortion in mares. Proc Soc Theriogenology. 2001;28
  33. Dell'Aqua JA, Papa FO, Lopes MD, Alvarenga MA, Macedo LP, Neves Neto JR, et al. Fertility rates with equine frozen semen after modulation of inflammatory uterine response. Proc 15th Int Cong Anim Reprod. 2004;391
  34. Dahms BJ, Troedsson MHT. The effect of seminal plasma components on opsonization and PMN-phagocytosis of equine spermatozoa. Theriogenology. 2002;58:457–460
  35. Troedsson MHT, Lee C-S, Franklin R, Crabo BG. Post-breeding uterine inflammation: the role of seminal plasma. J Reprod Fertil. 2000;56(Suppl):341–349
  36. Troedsson MHT, Alghamdi AS, Mattisen J. Equine seminal plasma protects fertility of spermatozoa in an inflamed uterine environment. Theriogenology. 2002;58:453–456
  37. Kotilainen T, Huhtinen M, Katila T. Sperm induced leukocytosis in the equine uterus. Theriogenology. 1994;41:629–636
  38. Bollwein H, Sowade C, Stolla R. The effect of semen extender, seminal plasma and raw semen on uterine and ovarian blood flow in mares. Theriogenology. 2003;60:607–616
  39. Fiala SM, Pimentel CA, Steiger K, Mattos ALG, Gregory RM, Mattos RC. Effect of skim milk and seminal plasma uterine infusions in mares. Theriogenology. 2002;58:491–494
  40. Troedsson MHT, Loseth K, Alghamdi AM, Dahms B, Crabo BG. Interaction between equine semen and the endometrium: the inflammatory response to semen. Anim Reprod Sci. 2001;68:273–278
  41. Alghamdi AS, Troedsson MHT, Laschkewitsch T, Xue J-L. Uterine secretion from mares with post-breeding endometritis alters sperm motion characteristics in vitro. Theriogenology. 2001;55:1019–1028
  42. Alghamdi AS, Foster DN, Troedsson MHT. Equine seminal plasma reduces sperm binding to polymorphonuclear neutrophils and improves fertility of fresh semen inseminated into inflamed uteri. Reproduction. 2004;127:593–600
  43. Metcalf ES. The effect of post-insemination endometritis on fertility of frozen stallion semen. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract. 2000;46:330–331
  44. Squires EL, Reger HP, Maclellan LJ, Bruemmer JE. Effect of time of insemination and site of insemination on pregnancy rates with frozen semen. Theriogenology. 2002;58:655–658
  45. Troedsson MHT, Alghamdi AS, Desvousges A, Dahms B, Dow CA, Hayna J, et al. Components in seminal plasma regulating sperm transport and elimination. Anim Reprod Sci. 2005;89:171–186
  46. Troedsson MHT, Desvousges AL, Hansen PJ, Buhi WC. Equine seminal plasma proteins protect live spermatozoa from PMN-binding and phagocytosis, while providing a mechanism for selective sperm elimination of apoptotic and dead spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci. 2006;94:60–61
  47. Daels PF, Stabenfeldt GH, Hughes JP, Odensvik K, Kindahl H. Evaluation of progesterone deficiency as a cause of fetal death in mares with experimentally induced endometritis. Am J Vet Res. 1991;52:282–288
  48. Douglas RH. Endocrine diagnostics in the broodmare: what you need to know about progestins and estrogens. Proc Ann Conf SFT/ACT. 2004;106–115

 Refereed

PII: S0737-0806(08)00341-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2008.10.011

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 28, Issue 11 , Pages 635-639 , November 2008

Article Tools