Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 27, Issue 11 , Pages 499-503 , November 2007

The Effects of Verapamil Hydrochloride on Electrocardiographic (ECG) Parameters of Domestic Donkey (Equus asinus)

  • Gholam Ali Kojouri, DVM, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Gholam Ali Kojouri, DVM, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran.
    • ,
  • Ali Rezakhani, DVM, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
    • ,
  • Ehsan Torki, DVM

      Affiliations

    • Post-graduate Student of Large Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

References 

  1. Cheung BMY, Kumana CR. Calcium channel blockers revisited. Hong Kong Med J. 2002;8:300–301
  2. Kittleson M, Keene B, Pion P, Woodfield J. Verapamil administration for acute termination of supraventricular tachycardia in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996;1931:525–1529
  3. Hahn AB, Oestreich SJK, Barkin RL. Mosby's pharmacology in nursing. 6th ed.. St Louis: The Mosby Company; 1986;464–468
  4. Takahashi N, Saikawa T. Calcium channel antagonists and arrhythmias. Clin Calcium. 2005;15:1651–1655
  5. Opie LH. Calcium channel antagonist, part 1: fundamental properties: mechanisms, classification, sites of action. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1987;1:411–430
  6. Bright JM, Golden AL, Gompf RE, Walker MA, Toal RL. Evaluation of the calcium channel-blocking agents diltiazem and Verapamil for treatment of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Vet Int Med. 1991;5:272–282
  7. Young L, Gunther VL. Atrial fibrillation in horses: new treatment choice for the new millennium. J Vet Int Med. 2005;19:631–632
  8. Schwarzwald CC, Bonagura JD, Luis-Fuetes V. Effects of diltiazem on hemodynamic variables and ventricular function in healthy horses. J Vet Int Med. 2005;19:703–711
  9. Reef VB, McGuirk SM. Diseases of the cardiovascular system. In:  Smith BP editors. Large animal internal medicine. 3rd ed.. St Louis: Mosby; 2002;p. 443–445
  10. Shiina H, Sugiyama A, Takahara A, Satoh Y, Hashimoto K. Comparison of the electropharmacological effects of Verapamil and propranolol in the halothane anesthetized in vivo canine model under monophasic action potential monitoring. Jpn Circ J. 2000;64:777–782
  11. Gabriel F, Lekeux P. Cardiac arrhythmias encountered in 159 Belgian riding horses. Ann Med Vet. 1986;130:205–214
  12. Cunningham JG. Textbook of veterinary physiology. 3rd ed.. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2002;135–137
  13. Reed SM, Bayly WM, Sellon DC. Equine internal medicine. 2nd ed.. St. Louis, MO: WB Saunders; 2004;360, 443

 Refereed

PII: S0737-0806(07)00345-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2007.10.007

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Volume 27, Issue 11 , Pages 499-503 , November 2007

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