Activity of unrestrained horses during on-truck rest stops

References 

1. USDA Veterinary Services  . In: Guidebook for USDA's slaughter horse transport program . Washington, DC: United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; 2002;p. 37–38
2. European Commission. The welfare of animals during transport (details for horses, pigs, sheep, and cattle). Report of the Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare, European Commission; 2002.
3. Friend TH . Dehydration, stress, and water consumption of horses during long-distance commercial transport . J Anim Sci . 2000;78:2568–2580
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5. Oikawa M , Hobo S , Oyamada T , Yoshikawa H . Effects of orientation, intermittent rest and vehicle cleaning during transport on development of transport-related respiratory disease in horses . J Comp Path . 2005;132:153–168
6. Collins MN , Friend TH , Jousan FD , Chen SC . Effects of density on displacement, falls, injuries, and orientation during horse transportation . Appl Anim Behav Sci . 2000;67:169–179
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7. Gibbs AE , Friend TH . Effect of animal density and trough placement on drinking behavior and dehydration in slaughter horses . J Equine Vet Sci . 2000;10:643–650
8. Iacono C, Friend TH, Johnson RD, Krawczel PD, Archer GS. A preliminary study on the utilization of an onboard watering system by horses during commercial transport. Appl Anim Behav Sci (in press).
9. Canadian Agri-Food Research Council  . In: Recommended code of practice for the care and handling of farm animals . Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Agri-Food Research Council; 2003;p. 40
10. Trunkfield HR , Broom DM . Welfare of calves during handling and transport . Appl Anim Behav Sci . 1990;28:135–152
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11. Reece VP , Friend TH , Stull CH , Grandin T , Cordes T . Equine slaughter transport—update on research and regulations . J Am Vet Med Assoc . 2000;216:1253–1258
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12. Krawczel PD, Friend TH, Caldwell DJ, Archer G, Ameiss K. The effects of continuous versus rested transport on the blood chemistry, behavior, and antibody production of lambs. J Anim Sci (in press).